Фармакогеномен подход за решения, свързани с полифармацията
Ключови думи :
полифармация, вредни лекарствени взаимодействия, нежелани лекарствени реакции, фармакогеномен подходАбстракт
Полифармацията е нарастващо ятрогенно състояние, предизвикано както от медицинска необходимост, така и от външен натиск от фармацевтичната индустрия и/или от пациентите. Въпреки че целта е да се подобрят качеството и продължителността на живота, съществуват потенциални нежелани реакции от ненужна и неподходяща употреба на лекарства. Пациентите, подложени на полифармация, са изложени на значително повишен риск от нежелани лекарствени реакции и вредни лекарствени взаимодействия, които могат да изискват хоспитализация, удължен болничен престой и повишена смъртност/ заболяемост. Тези нежелани реакции представляват икономическа тежест както за пациентите, така и за болниците, което води до неефективно използване на вече ограничените здравни ресурси. В резултат на това се подчертава необходимостта от намиране на решение. Изложеният анализ на литературни данни ясно демонстрира доказателства, че тестването с фармакогеномен подход може да намали рисковете, свързани с полифармацията, както и някои от разходите, но въпреки това то не се използва често в клиничната практика. Използването на фармакогеномно тестване представлява логичен, емпиричен подход към полифармацията с потенциал за облекчаване както на икономическата тежест, така и на нежеланите ефекти.
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