The neutropenic patient in the scope of the general practitioner
Keywords:
antibiotic prophylaxis, infection risk, neutropenia, primary care physicianAbstract
Neutropenia is a condition characterized by a reduced number of neutrophils below 1.5 × 109/L, which increases the risk of severe infections. For the general practitioner (GP), it represents a diagnostic and organizational challenge, particularly in patients treated for solid tumors or hematologic malignancies. The primary role of the GP is the early recognition of the condition, assessment of its severity, and coordination of timely consultation or hospitalization. It often constitutes a medical emergency requiring the immediate initiation of therapy and prompt referral to a hospital. Awareness of this condition and its associated risks is fundamental to its successful management. The aim of this paper is to raise awareness among general practitioners regarding neutropenia in order to eliminate risks associated with delayed treatment. A timely response and a coordinated approach, in which the GP plays a key role, ensure patient safety and improved clinical outcomes.
References
Justiz Vaillant AA, Zito PM. Neutropenia – Practice Essen¬tials, Background, Pathophysiology. Medscape. 2024 May 23 [cited 2025-10-28]. Available from: https://emedicine.medscape.com/arti¬cle/204821-overview Medscape
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Neutropenic sepsis: prevention and management in people with cancer (NG151). London: NICE; 2020.
Lauria G, de Waure C, Basso M, et al. The role of primary care physicians in the management of cancer patients: a systematic review. Eur J Cancer Care. 2022;31(2):e13568. doi:10.1111/ecc.13568.
Taplitz RA, Kennedy EB, Bow EJ, et al. Outpatient Management of Fever and Neutropenia in Adults Treated for Malignancy: American Society of Clinical Oncology and Infectious Diseases Society of America Clinical Practice Guideline Update. J Clin Oncol. 2018 May 10;36(14):1443- 1453. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2017.77.6211. Epub 2018 Feb 20.
Rubin G, Berendsen A, Crawford SM, et al. The expanding role of primary care in cancer control. Lancet Oncol. 2015;16(12):1231- 1272. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(15)00205-3.
Flowers CR, Karten C. Communicating safe outpatient management of fever and neutropenia. J Oncol Pract. 2013 Jul;9(4):207- 10. doi: 10.1200/JOP.2012.000815. Epub 2013 Jan 15.
Klastersky J, de Naurois J, Rolston K, et al. Management of febrile neutropenia: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines. Ann Oncol. 2016;27(Suppl 5):v111-v118. doi:10.1093/annonc/mdw325.
EORTC. EORTC Guidelines for the use of G-CSF to reduce the incidence of chemo-induced febrile neutropenia, 2023.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 K. Sapunarova (Author)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
You are free to share, copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format under these terms.

