Control of rabies in Europe with oral vaccination in wildlife
Keywords:
rabies, oral vaccination, wildlife, EuropeAbstract
The article presents data from the control of rabies in different European countries through oral vaccination against rabies in wildlife. Thanks to oral campaigns, rabies incidents among the animal population in Europe have been drastically reduced or completely eliminated. Active surveillance was carried out in the vaccination areas and the samples were examined by performing internationally standardized tests recommended by the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) and WHO.
References
Animal diseases information system. ADIS.2021
Badrane, H., C. Bahloul, P. Perrin, N. Tordo. Evidence of two lyssavirus phylo¬groups with distinct pathogenicity and immunogenicity. J. Virol., 2001, 75, 3268-3276.
Barrat, J., Aubert M.F.A. (1995). Diagnostic de la rage animale en France de 1991 à 1993, bilan de Ceneva laboratoire d’études sur la rage et la pathologie des animaux sauvages en France. Revue Méd. Vét., 146, 561– 566.
Cliquet, F, I.Lohman, Z. Bago, G. Duscher, E. Nakova and T. Kirandjiski. On the way to rabies elimination in the Western Balkan countries. 14th Workshop for rabies, EURL for rabies-21-22 June, 2023, Ljubljana.
Coetzer A., Sabeta C.T., Markotter W., Rupprecht C.E. & Nell.H. (2014). Comparison of biotinylated monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies in an evaluation of a direct rapid mmunohistochemical test for the routine diagnosis of rabies in southern Africa. PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis., 8, e3189.
European Commission (2002). The oral vaccination of foxes against rabies. Report of the Scientific Committee on Animal Health and Animal Welfare. 55p.
Heaton P.R., Johnstone P., McЕlhinney L.M., Cowley R., O’Sullivan E., Whitby J.E. (1997). Heminested PCR assay for detection of six genotypes of rabies and rabies-related viruses. J. Clin. Microbiol., 35, 2762–2766.
Lembo T., Niezgoda M., Velasco-Villa A., Cleaveland S., Ernest E., Rupprecht C.E. (2006). Evaluation of a direct, rapid immunohistochemical test for rabies diagnosis. Emerg. Infect. Dis., 12, 310–313.
Madhusudana S.N., Subha S., Thankappan U., Ashwin Y.B. (2012). Evaluation of a direct rapid immunohistochemical test (dRIT) for rapid diagnosis of rabies in animals and humans. Virol. Sin., 27, 299–302.
Rabies-Bulletin-Europe (RBE) – Rabies Information System of the WHO, 2019.
Robardet, E and F.Cliquet. Review of the analysis related to rabies diagnosis and follow-up of oral vaccination performed in NRLs in 2019, August 2020, Page 1/18.
Robardet, E and F.Cliquet. Review of the analysis related to rabies diagnosis and follow-up of oral vaccination performed in NRLs in 2020, July 2021, Page 1/18.
Robardet, E. Review of the analysis related to rabies diagnosis and follow-up of oral vaccination performed in NRLs in 2021, June 2022, Page 1/21.
Robardet, E. Review of the analysis related to rabies diagnosis and follow-up of oral vaccination performed in NRLs in 2022, June 2023, Page 1/18.
Robardet, E. Review of the analysis related to rabies diagnosis and follow-up of oral vaccination performed in NRLs in 2023, July 2024, Page 7/23.
Rupprecht C.E., Cliquet F., Fehlner-Gardiner C., Fooks A.R., Mueller T., Sabeta C. & Slate D. (2014). Progress in the development of a direct rapid immunohistochemical test for diagnosing rabies. OIE Bulletin, No. 3, 87–95.
Scientific Panel on Animal Health and Welfare (AHAW) (2015). Update on oral vaccination of foxes and raccoon dogs against rabies. EFSA Journal. 70p.
Smreczak, M., Orłowska, A., Trębas, P., Stolarek A, Freuling, C, Müller T. Re-emergence of rabies in Mazowieckie Voivodeship, Poland, 2021. Zoonoses Public Health.. Zoonoses Public Health. 2022;(March 2022):111–6.
Smreczak, M. Re-emergency of rabies in Mazowieckie region, Poland, 2021. 13th Workshop for Rabies-15-16 June, 2022, Warsaw, Poland, p. 8.
The Global Framework for the Progressive Control of Transboundary Animal Diseases (GF-TADs) Strategy for 2021-2025.
Vuta, V. Rabies in Romania.15th Workshop for Rabies, 5-6 June, 2024, Wien.
WHO (2018a). Laboratory techniques in rabies. 5th edition ed, Edited by Charles E. Rupprecht, Anthony R. Fooks, Bernadette Abela-Ridder, Geneva. 289p.
WHO (2018b). WHO Expert Consultation on rabies. Third report. World Health Organization technical report series 1012. Geneva. 183p
WOAH Terrestrial Manual, 2023. Chapter 3.1.19 – Rabies (infection with rabies virus and other lyssaviruses, т.1.3.3
World Organisation for Animal Health. First oral rabies vaccine for dogs. WOAH – Bulletin, March 27, 2023, Germany.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
You are free to share, copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format under these terms.
Journal Bulgarian Medical Journal (Български медицински журнал / Bulgarian Medical Journal)
